Here is a drawing of the current I-M26 tree (March 2012), click on it to enlarge. I will write more later.
Here is a drawing of the current I-M26 tree (March 2012), click on it to enlarge. I will write more later.
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Z SNPs added to I-M26 tree
Here is a drawing of the current I-M26 tree (March 2012), click on it to enlarge. I will write more later.
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Geno 2.0 Heat maps
Genographic Project 2.0 heat maps for paternal haplogroup I-M26 and I-PF4189. They are exactly the same, and supposedly Sardinia doesn't have these groups. Are the I-M26 people who make up 40% of men in Sardinia considered a different, more specific haplogroup?
Click on pictures to enlarge.
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Click on pictures to enlarge.
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I-M26 tree (click on it to enlarge)
This tree includes all known SNPs in I-M26. The format is based on this tree which shows mainly Z SNPs discovered by volunteers looking at 1000 Genomes data:
https://www.box.com/s/5be433c53d36df9ed57a
There are probably millions of men belonging to I-M26, they live in Spain, Portugal, France (up to 5% of men in some parts of these countries); and in descendants of Spanish, Portuguese and Frenchmen in the Americas etc, and they also comprise about 40% of the men on the island of Sardinia. I-M26 is found in less than 1% of men in Ireland, Great Britain, the low countries, western Germany, Switzerland, the Italian peninsula etc. but it is very characteristic of western Europe and has a long presence there (i.e. 5,000 year old I-M26 skeletons have been found in southern France and near Paris).
There are at least 11 different SNP-defined groups on my tree, but I estimate that over 90% of I-M26 men belong to the green, blue, or red groups. With 67 STR markers, almost everyone can be placed in one of the minor groups, the green group, the blue group, or one of the red groups. But we don't yet have enough results to know if there are STR patterns that can distinguish between the three red groups.
Probably the PF4189+ group will have many more members besides the "1 English Family". But I don't know which of the three red groups will be biggest when we have done more testing. Unfortunately, some of the important tests are not offered by Family Tree DNA (Z105, Z120, CTS11338, PF4189); these are only available as part of the Geno 2.0 test at this time.
In the near future with more Geno 2.0 results we will learn much more about the three red groups. And we will learn if the PF6947+ group is a major part of the green group or not. But unfortunately Geno 2.0 will probably not teach us much more about about the green group--there is surely a SNP out there that is shared by almost all of the green group, but it hasn't been found at Geno 2.0 or in WTYs so far.
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I-L160 tree, click on it to enlarge
Another Geno 2.0 result this week creates another level in the I-M26 tree, and now the L160 section is so large that it requires its own diagram, see above.
Someone with paternal ancestry from the Azores is the first person at Geno 2.0 to test L160+ and PF4088-. We have one English ancestry man and one Welsh ancestry man who have L160+ PF4088+ results from Geno 2.0.
The Azorean person is also F1295+ and PF6950+. He is the first person in I-P37.2 to be derived for those SNPs.
More later.
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Updated I-L160 tree
Click on picture to enlarge. At this point we have 6 groups of L160+ (and the Z110+ group only known from 1000 Genomes Project sequences). I don't know if F1295+ and PF4088+ are the only basic branches of L160+ or if there will be more. Usually I can tell if someone belongs to Z118+ or Z106+ based on 67 marker results, but we don't have enough results to make predictions for the other groups. About 40% of L160+ belongs to Z106+, but I don't know how big the other groups will turn out to be.
F1295, PF4088 and CTS11338are available for order as individual SNPs at Family Tree DNA, but each costs $39. My recommendation is that L160+ people order the Genographic 2.0 test for $199, it will test all the SNPs on the tree above and many more (except for a few of the Z SNPs and L1299).
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M26 men in Sardinia
It's starting to look like the second scenario is closer to what happened. The I2a Project at Family Tree DNA (FTDNA) has around 8 I-M26 members who were born in Sardinia, or who have fathers or grandfathers born in Sardinia. From testing at FTDNA we know that they are all likely L160+, the I-L160 group is the most common group of I-M26 but there are several L160- branches known only from continental Europe and Britain and Ireland. The design of the new Genographic 2.0 test involved sequencing several men living in Sardinia, so it includes many new SNPs relevant to these men. So far, one Sardinian-American man and one Maltese ancestry man belong to the PF4190 branch of I-L160. I think probably many or most I-M26 men living in Sardinia will belong to this branch, but we will need more testing to be sure.
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Early branches of M26
M26+ L672+
M26+ L277+
M26+ L277+ L247+
M26+ (L672- and L277-)
What's new is that several L672+ men and one L247+ man have completed Geno 2.0 tests. We learned that the L247+ man is ancestral for 17 SNPs that previously were thought to be equivalent to M26. Now the M26+ L672- L277- man is doing the Geno 2.0 test, and I expect that he will be on his own branch that split off even earlier, and he will be ancestral for some of the 36 SNPs that currently give results equivalent to M26.
The Mexican-American M26+ L277+ L247+ also had two new SNP results at Geno 2.0: he is F1915+ and YSC0000078+. These occur somewhere in the area of L277 or L247.
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L160 tree with Geno 2.0 SNPs, updated and simplified (click tree to enlarge)
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Article 0
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Main branches of I-M26, September 2013
All known I-M26 is either F1915+ or L672+. I-L672 is by far the larger group.I-L672 can be L160+, PF6947+ or can be I-L672*, with the * meaning no known additional derived SNPs beyond L672.
I-L160 is by far the biggest group, and it has at least 10 SNP defined branches of its own, see the separate L160 tree.
I-PF6947 is a small group known only from Ireland.
All of the I-L672* "France" and "DYS413=19,22" groups and most or all of the "generic" group are more recently related to I-PF6947, not I-L160. We know this from 111 marker results, they share some distinctive marker values, in particular DYS532=9.
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Tree for I-L160
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English and Scottish Cullens in 1881
As some of you might know, there were only a few places in England
where the name Cullen was found in the 1800s: the main areas were
central England (Nottinghamshire and surrounding area), southwest
England (Somerset), the cities of London and Liverpool (probably
mainly recent Irish immigrants) and a very high concentration in the
extreme southeast of England--Kent!
You can see the map for England, Scotland and Wales at the surname
profiler
here (click on the 'Search for a Surname' circle, then type the surname Cullen and select the year 1881):
Has anyone investigated the census in more detail for 1881 to see which Cullen families originated in Ireland versus Scotland or England? This would be especially interesting for the Cullens in Scotland. I'm about to start some research on the censuses available at http://ancestry.co.uk so let me know if you have already done some work on this so I don't repeat it.
Here's a note that Jim Cullen of the best Cullen genealogy website sent me (his website address is http://www.lrbcg.com/jtcullen
Collins.
(3rd S. xi. 84,161,323.)
Your correspondents ALTER and C.T. COLLINS TRELAWNY may find the following of service:-
Mr. M.A. Lower, in his Patronymica Britannica, derives the English names Culling, Collins, &c. - the Scottish Cullen and Cullan - the Irish Cullen - from Cuillean and O'Cuillean, the tribe-name of some Irish clan. He may be possibly right as far as the Irish "Cullen" or "Cullin" is concerned. He is totally wrong about the Scottish Cullen - a name properly spelt Cullayne or Cullane, and borne by a family who held lands of that ilk near the stream of the same name in Banffshire as early as the thirteenth century. Respecting the English "Collins,"&c. he has made an equally hasty and erroneous decision. A glance at any Armory or Heraldry will show that all the English families spelling their name indifferently Cullen, Collen, Culling, Cullinge, and Collins - whether of Kent, Essex, Staffordshire, or Devon - are of one stock, bearing the griffin segreant (differenced) on their shield, and probably all having their origin in a parent stem deriving its name from the village of C
ulinge, in the hundred of Riseburge, Suffolk, mentioned in Domesday (292b.) as owned by "Comes Alanus."
In Kent the form of Cullen is most common. Folkestone churchyard is full of tombstones bearing it; and it may be traced at Canterbury, and all along the east coast and Isle of Thanet.
A gentleman who settled at Woodlands, near Ashburton, Devon, is called Cullen in the county histories, and Culling in the Harl. MSS. where his arms are given. His line terminated in an heiress who, four or five generations back, married Fursdon of Fursdon. In Essex, Collen appears most usual, and still exists there in a good family. Collins is a corruption found everywhere. Any good heraldry will give every variation of the name and difference of the coat armour. There is but one exception to the rule that all this family of names derive from one original "Culinge"; and that, although no one now exists of the race who bore it, it may be as well to mention. Richard Cullen, of an ancient family of Breda in the Duchy of Brabant, descended from Arnould von Ceulen, living A.D. 1300, came to England on the persecution of the Protestants by the Duke of Alva. His son or grandson was created a baronet by Charles II. The family, however, became extinct, apparently even in the female
line, in 1730. (Burke, Extinct Baronetcies.)
X.C.
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[The village of Culinge in Suffolk is now known as Cowlinge.]
[The word Comes appears in documents during the reign of the Conqueror, and later. It appears at least thirty-five times in the Doomsday Book (Index Nominum Personarum, Libri vocati Exon' Domesday, p. 606), beginning with such names as: Comes Alanus, Comes Albericus, and so on. Comes in this case has sometimes been mistaken for a family name. Comes, therefore, in this instance means simply Earl (also a follower, or companion). The pronunciation is Co-mes, in two syllables.]
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where the name Cullen was found in the 1800s: the main areas were
central England (Nottinghamshire and surrounding area), southwest
England (Somerset), the cities of London and Liverpool (probably
mainly recent Irish immigrants) and a very high concentration in the
extreme southeast of England--Kent!
You can see the map for England, Scotland and Wales at the surname
profiler
here (click on the 'Search for a Surname' circle, then type the surname Cullen and select the year 1881):
Has anyone investigated the census in more detail for 1881 to see which Cullen families originated in Ireland versus Scotland or England? This would be especially interesting for the Cullens in Scotland. I'm about to start some research on the censuses available at http://ancestry.co.uk so let me know if you have already done some work on this so I don't repeat it.
Here's a note that Jim Cullen of the best Cullen genealogy website sent me (his website address is http://www.lrbcg.com/jtcullen
Collins.
(3rd S. xi. 84,161,323.)
Your correspondents ALTER and C.T. COLLINS TRELAWNY may find the following of service:-
Mr. M.A. Lower, in his Patronymica Britannica, derives the English names Culling, Collins, &c. - the Scottish Cullen and Cullan - the Irish Cullen - from Cuillean and O'Cuillean, the tribe-name of some Irish clan. He may be possibly right as far as the Irish "Cullen" or "Cullin" is concerned. He is totally wrong about the Scottish Cullen - a name properly spelt Cullayne or Cullane, and borne by a family who held lands of that ilk near the stream of the same name in Banffshire as early as the thirteenth century. Respecting the English "Collins,"&c. he has made an equally hasty and erroneous decision. A glance at any Armory or Heraldry will show that all the English families spelling their name indifferently Cullen, Collen, Culling, Cullinge, and Collins - whether of Kent, Essex, Staffordshire, or Devon - are of one stock, bearing the griffin segreant (differenced) on their shield, and probably all having their origin in a parent stem deriving its name from the village of C
ulinge, in the hundred of Riseburge, Suffolk, mentioned in Domesday (292b.) as owned by "Comes Alanus."
In Kent the form of Cullen is most common. Folkestone churchyard is full of tombstones bearing it; and it may be traced at Canterbury, and all along the east coast and Isle of Thanet.
A gentleman who settled at Woodlands, near Ashburton, Devon, is called Cullen in the county histories, and Culling in the Harl. MSS. where his arms are given. His line terminated in an heiress who, four or five generations back, married Fursdon of Fursdon. In Essex, Collen appears most usual, and still exists there in a good family. Collins is a corruption found everywhere. Any good heraldry will give every variation of the name and difference of the coat armour. There is but one exception to the rule that all this family of names derive from one original "Culinge"; and that, although no one now exists of the race who bore it, it may be as well to mention. Richard Cullen, of an ancient family of Breda in the Duchy of Brabant, descended from Arnould von Ceulen, living A.D. 1300, came to England on the persecution of the Protestants by the Duke of Alva. His son or grandson was created a baronet by Charles II. The family, however, became extinct, apparently even in the female
line, in 1730. (Burke, Extinct Baronetcies.)
X.C.
----------------------
[The village of Culinge in Suffolk is now known as Cowlinge.]
[The word Comes appears in documents during the reign of the Conqueror, and later. It appears at least thirty-five times in the Doomsday Book (Index Nominum Personarum, Libri vocati Exon' Domesday, p. 606), beginning with such names as: Comes Alanus, Comes Albericus, and so on. Comes in this case has sometimes been mistaken for a family name. Comes, therefore, in this instance means simply Earl (also a follower, or companion). The pronunciation is Co-mes, in two syllables.]
----------------------
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English Cullens in Tasmania
There is a great story here that I'd like to learn more about:
http://www.heavenandhelltogether.com/index.php?q=node/31 (link updated May 2009).
In 1835 Luke Cullen was convicted of stealing by a court in Middlesex, England (near London), and sentenced to 7 years transportation to Van Diemen’s Land, which is now called the island of Tasmania, Australia.
He married Elizabeth Bunker and it looks like they had a large and successful family and many descendants. One of his direct male descendants submitted a DNA sample to the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation a year or more ago, and now has results available.
I would like to get in contact with anyone of this family or who knows the family.
http://www.heavenandhelltogether.com/index.php?q=node/31 (link updated May 2009).
In 1835 Luke Cullen was convicted of stealing by a court in Middlesex, England (near London), and sentenced to 7 years transportation to Van Diemen’s Land, which is now called the island of Tasmania, Australia.
He married Elizabeth Bunker and it looks like they had a large and successful family and many descendants. One of his direct male descendants submitted a DNA sample to the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation a year or more ago, and now has results available.
I would like to get in contact with anyone of this family or who knows the family.
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What does Cullen mean anyway?
Most people named Cullen are from Ireland, or have ancestors from Ireland, and I've read that the original name in Irish meant "holly tree", but others with the Irish name "whelp""small dog" have also been anglicized to Cullen.
And when I've been looking thru the records for my family from near Clogher, in County Tyrone, starting in 1860, my own ancestors seem to prefer to call themselves "Cullian", but they are also called Cullion, Cullen, Cullan, and even Cullinan.
Irish is hard@!
And when I've been looking thru the records for my family from near Clogher, in County Tyrone, starting in 1860, my own ancestors seem to prefer to call themselves "Cullian", but they are also called Cullion, Cullen, Cullan, and even Cullinan.
Irish is hard@!
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McGirr from Clogher, Tyrone
I've been corresponding with a woman named Ellen, who is researching her McGirr family (changed their name to McGarr) and McSorley from Clogher civil parish, County Tyrone, which is where my Cullen ancestors came from.
Here's some information on her McGirrs. Does anybody match this family?
Name became McGarr (I believe upon) arrival in US.
John McGirr & Susan McIlroy (or McIlray)
parents ofPatrick McGirr b 1840 Tyrone married Ellen McSorleyapprox 1866 in Ireland.
Children born in Dromore, Clogher Parish, Tyrone
Unnamed male 3 Nov 1867*
Mary - 25 March 1869
William - 2 November 1870**
Peter - 10 March 1872
Margaret - 3 September 1874
* might have died at childbirth and not named
** - my grandfather
I haven't been able to track down William's siblings in Ireland and don't know if they ever left Ireland.
Patrick and Ellen's marriage records could not be located. Suspect married in RC Aughintaine Church but apparently no records were kept until 1870.
Patrick, Ellen and William arrived New York City 6 June 1888 on the "State of Nevada".
William naturalized in 1984 married Delia Dougherty 28 August 1898 in Manhattan.
Children born in Brooklyn, New York
Mary b 1901 died 1958
Ellen b 1902 died 1904
John
Joseph b 1907 died 1952
Francis X. b 1914 died 1993.
Charles
William
Stephen
William died in the flu epidemic on Jan 26, 1917.
Delia died at age 67 in Brooklyn, NY. She was born in Donegal.Of William and Delia's children only Mary, John and Frank had children. I grew up on Long Island which is where some of your later McGirr's lived.
Here's some information on her McGirrs. Does anybody match this family?
Name became McGarr (I believe upon) arrival in US.
John McGirr & Susan McIlroy (or McIlray)
parents ofPatrick McGirr b 1840 Tyrone married Ellen McSorleyapprox 1866 in Ireland.
Children born in Dromore, Clogher Parish, Tyrone
Unnamed male 3 Nov 1867*
Mary - 25 March 1869
William - 2 November 1870**
Peter - 10 March 1872
Margaret - 3 September 1874
* might have died at childbirth and not named
** - my grandfather
I haven't been able to track down William's siblings in Ireland and don't know if they ever left Ireland.
Patrick and Ellen's marriage records could not be located. Suspect married in RC Aughintaine Church but apparently no records were kept until 1870.
Patrick, Ellen and William arrived New York City 6 June 1888 on the "State of Nevada".
William naturalized in 1984 married Delia Dougherty 28 August 1898 in Manhattan.
Children born in Brooklyn, New York
Mary b 1901 died 1958
Ellen b 1902 died 1904
John
Joseph b 1907 died 1952
Francis X. b 1914 died 1993.
Charles
William
Stephen
William died in the flu epidemic on Jan 26, 1917.
Delia died at age 67 in Brooklyn, NY. She was born in Donegal.Of William and Delia's children only Mary, John and Frank had children. I grew up on Long Island which is where some of your later McGirr's lived.
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Cullen as a German surname?
It could mean "From Cologne":
see
this link at about.com
Geographical Surnames - Derived from the location of the homestead from which the first bearer and his family lived (Leon Meer - Leon from by the sea). Other geographical surnames in Germany are derived from the state, region, or village of the first bearer's origin, often reflecting a division in tribes and regions, i.e. low German, middle German and upper German. (Paul Cullen - Paul from Koeln/Cologne). Surnames preceded by "on" are ovften clues to geographical surnames, not necessarily a sign that an ancestor was of nobility as many mistakenly believe. (Jacob von Bremen - Jacob from Bremen)
see
this link at about.com
Geographical Surnames - Derived from the location of the homestead from which the first bearer and his family lived (Leon Meer - Leon from by the sea). Other geographical surnames in Germany are derived from the state, region, or village of the first bearer's origin, often reflecting a division in tribes and regions, i.e. low German, middle German and upper German. (Paul Cullen - Paul from Koeln/Cologne). Surnames preceded by "on" are ovften clues to geographical surnames, not necessarily a sign that an ancestor was of nobility as many mistakenly believe. (Jacob von Bremen - Jacob from Bremen)
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Southern and Protestant Cullens
I think of Cullen as a typical Irish-American surname, with our ancestors emigrating during the potato famine in the 1840s and until the early 1900s, settling in the northeast/midwest, ending up in big cities even if that's not the first place they came to in America.
But I think there might be earlier Cullens in America, maybe from Ireland maybe from England, probably Protestant.
Probably one of the most famous people named Cullen wasn't really a Cullen:
from http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/ccullen.htm
Countee Cullen was very secretive about his life. According to different sources, he was born in Louisville, Kentucy or Baltimore, Md. Cullen was possibly abandoned by his mother, and reared by a woman named Mrs. Porter, who was probably his paternal grandmother. Cullen once said that he was born in New York City - perhaps he did not mean it literally. Porter brought young Countee to Harlem when he was nine. She died in 1918. At the age of 15, Cullen was adopted unofficially by the Reverend F.A. Cullen, minister of Salem M.E. Church, one of the largest congregations of Harlem. Later Reverend Cullen became the head of the Harlem chapter of NAACP. His real mother did not contact him until he became famous in the 1920s.
But Rev. F.A. Cullen seems to be an illustrious African-American Cullen. Where was he from?
But I think there might be earlier Cullens in America, maybe from Ireland maybe from England, probably Protestant.
Probably one of the most famous people named Cullen wasn't really a Cullen:
from http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/ccullen.htm
Countee Cullen was very secretive about his life. According to different sources, he was born in Louisville, Kentucy or Baltimore, Md. Cullen was possibly abandoned by his mother, and reared by a woman named Mrs. Porter, who was probably his paternal grandmother. Cullen once said that he was born in New York City - perhaps he did not mean it literally. Porter brought young Countee to Harlem when he was nine. She died in 1918. At the age of 15, Cullen was adopted unofficially by the Reverend F.A. Cullen, minister of Salem M.E. Church, one of the largest congregations of Harlem. Later Reverend Cullen became the head of the Harlem chapter of NAACP. His real mother did not contact him until he became famous in the 1920s.
But Rev. F.A. Cullen seems to be an illustrious African-American Cullen. Where was he from?
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Famous Cullens
There aren't very many.
There is Countee Cullen, the Harlem Renaissance poet, but Cullen wasn't his birth name (see below).
There was Bill Cullen, the game show host. My great-aunts thought he might be a cousin but I don't think so. But maybe that means that their uncle Joseph had a son named William or Bill, we have lost track of his children.
There is Lord Cullen, who is/was the highest judge of Scotland.
There is Dr. Heidi Cullen on the Weather Channel.
There is Charles Cullen, the nurse/serial killer in New Jersey.
Here are some more suggested by readers of this blog:
Alice (McLaughlin) Cullen, of Glasgow, a leader of the local Labor Party and the first female Roman Catholic member of the British Parliament.
Bill Cullen, successful businessman (Renault Ireland), author and philanthropist.
Bernard Cullen, author and Professor of Philosophy at Queen's University, Belfast. His biography (scroll down)
Who else?
There is Countee Cullen, the Harlem Renaissance poet, but Cullen wasn't his birth name (see below).
There was Bill Cullen, the game show host. My great-aunts thought he might be a cousin but I don't think so. But maybe that means that their uncle Joseph had a son named William or Bill, we have lost track of his children.
There is Lord Cullen, who is/was the highest judge of Scotland.
There is Dr. Heidi Cullen on the Weather Channel.
There is Charles Cullen, the nurse/serial killer in New Jersey.
Here are some more suggested by readers of this blog:
Alice (McLaughlin) Cullen, of Glasgow, a leader of the local Labor Party and the first female Roman Catholic member of the British Parliament.
Bill Cullen, successful businessman (Renault Ireland), author and philanthropist.
Bernard Cullen, author and Professor of Philosophy at Queen's University, Belfast. His biography (scroll down)
Who else?
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Cullens in clogher history: Cullen's Point, Cormore
Clogher is a very small town in county tyrone which I visited in 1989. I also visited my Heagney relatives in Tullycorker, which is a townland (like a rural crossroads) just a couple miles to the north of Clogher. My Cullen ancestors are from Tullycorker, and there were Cullens living there in 1989, but we didn't know how our families were connected. I know they're not (male line) descendants of my ancestor Thomas Cullen who lived cir 1835-1900, but some could possibly be descendants of a brother of his, which would make them fourth cousins.
My major genealogy interest right now is sorting out all the Cullens in Clogher parish through microfilmed records. Most of the Cullens were in Tullycorker, but some lived in adjacent Cormore townland, and others in Eskernabrogue and Tycanny. Hopefully DNA testing (I need volunteers from Northern Ireland!!) will be able to determine whether these Cullens are all related, and whether they are related to any of the Cullinans who also lived in the area.
Thomas Cullen's wife was Mary McCann from adjacent Eskragh or Eskra townland. I did a google search for Clogher and Cullen and I found a wikipedia entry for Eskra. How does such a small place get mentioned on wikipedia?
wikipedia on Eskra
the main author of this aricle, who I believe goes by Ardfern, writes:
Many sites of penal day massrocks are still remembered by the local people. One such hallowed spot is 'The Altar Field' near Cullen's Point in the townland of Cormore. Another is in the hallow at the rear of the new church in Lisnarable. The old St. Patrick's Church - sometimes referred to as the 'Lower Mountain Church' was really a barn bought from a local farmer named Traynor and upgraded to serve as a church in the first quarter of the 19th century
Cullen's Point! I wonder if my father knows about it?
My major genealogy interest right now is sorting out all the Cullens in Clogher parish through microfilmed records. Most of the Cullens were in Tullycorker, but some lived in adjacent Cormore townland, and others in Eskernabrogue and Tycanny. Hopefully DNA testing (I need volunteers from Northern Ireland!!) will be able to determine whether these Cullens are all related, and whether they are related to any of the Cullinans who also lived in the area.
Thomas Cullen's wife was Mary McCann from adjacent Eskragh or Eskra townland. I did a google search for Clogher and Cullen and I found a wikipedia entry for Eskra. How does such a small place get mentioned on wikipedia?
wikipedia on Eskra
the main author of this aricle, who I believe goes by Ardfern, writes:
Many sites of penal day massrocks are still remembered by the local people. One such hallowed spot is 'The Altar Field' near Cullen's Point in the townland of Cormore. Another is in the hallow at the rear of the new church in Lisnarable. The old St. Patrick's Church - sometimes referred to as the 'Lower Mountain Church' was really a barn bought from a local farmer named Traynor and upgraded to serve as a church in the first quarter of the 19th century
Cullen's Point! I wonder if my father knows about it?
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Cullens in Clogher history: Priests: Piers O'Cullen
from Military History magazine:
Irish Triumph at Yellow Ford
"Russell was only too glad when the Irish agreed to a truce in southeast Ulster, which lasted until the summer of 1597. During that time, however, the English were alarmed to learn that a priest named Piers O'Cullen of Clogher had sailed to Spain, bearing a letter dated September 19 and signed by O'Neill and O'Donnell. The letter beseeched the Spanish king to send 2,000 to 3,000 men, along with arms and money, to Ireland "to restore the faith of the [Catholic] Church and so secure you a kingdom." By seeking aid from England's principal rival, the Irish coalition was raising the stakes of the war"
Was O'Cullen from Clogher, or just priest there? Was he related to Bishop Cullen?
Irish Triumph at Yellow Ford
"Russell was only too glad when the Irish agreed to a truce in southeast Ulster, which lasted until the summer of 1597. During that time, however, the English were alarmed to learn that a priest named Piers O'Cullen of Clogher had sailed to Spain, bearing a letter dated September 19 and signed by O'Neill and O'Donnell. The letter beseeched the Spanish king to send 2,000 to 3,000 men, along with arms and money, to Ireland "to restore the faith of the [Catholic] Church and so secure you a kingdom." By seeking aid from England's principal rival, the Irish coalition was raising the stakes of the war"
Was O'Cullen from Clogher, or just priest there? Was he related to Bishop Cullen?
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